New technology update: femtosecond laser in cataract surgery.

Femtosecond lasers represent a new frontier in cataract surgery. Since their introduction and first human treatment in 2008, a lot of new developments have been achieved. In this review article, the physical principle of femtolasers is discussed, together with the indications and side effects of the method in cataract surgery. The most important clinical results are also presented regarding capsulotomy, fragmentation of the crystalline lens, corneal wound creation, and refractive results. Safety issues such as endothelial and macular changes are also discussed. The most important advantage of femtolaser cataract technology at present is that all the important surgical steps of cataract surgery can be planned and customized, delivering unparalleled accuracy, repeatability, and consistency in surgical results. The advantages of premium lenses can be maximally used in visual and presbyopia restoration as well. The advantages of premium lenses can be maximally used, not only in visual, but in presbyopia restoration as well. Quality of vision can be improved with less posterior chamber lens (PCL) tilt, more centralized position of the PCL, possibly less endothelial damage, less macular edema, and less posterior capsule opacification (PCO) formation. This technological achievement should be followed by other technical developments in the lens industry. Hopefully this review article will help us to understand the technology and the results to demonstrate the differences between the use of femtolasers and phacoemulsification-based cataract surgery. The most important data of the literature are summarized to show ophthalmologists the benefits of the technology in order to provide the best refractive results to the patient

Painting and the eye

This article reviews various ophthalmic diseases in the most famous historical paintings. Sometimes, the ophthalmic diseases might also substantially affect the vision of artists and we can deduct from their paintings what ophthalmic problems could have influenced these painters. They have their own painting, which is greatly influenced not only by their brain but also by their actual visual acuity. The most important ophthalmic diseases, which might affect vision and styles of painting, are refractive errors, cataract, glaucoma, ocular inflammations like uveitis; corneal opacities; haemorrhage in the vitreous, macular, and retinal degenerations; and retinal detachment. In the history of the painting, the different styles can be recognised and very often the question raised is whether this style is influenced by the visual acuity of the artists or visual acuity has nothing to do with the different styles. The aim of this study is to demonstrate how ophthalmic problems might have influenced final arts during the past centuries

Scanning Electron and Optical Microscopic Studies of the System of Porcine Zonular Fibres

The mechanical behaviour of the zonular apparatus greatly affects the accommodation process because it moves out from the ciliary muscle and runs into the lens capsule. The zonular fi bres convey the force between the ciliary body and the crystalline lens. For the measurement of the mechanical properties of zonular fi bres is necessary to know its geometry. In this paper we ana-lyzed the network of porcine zonular fi bres with scanning electron and optical microscope. We manifested that the porcine zonular fi bre system differs from human and monkey eyes. The thick-ness of the apparatus of intertwined zonular fi bres is approximately 45 m and the length from the origin to the insertion is about 1.5 mm. Based on these informations the input parameters of numerical modelling can be more precise to clarify the accommodation process

Az IMEA ADR III kritikus fúziós frekvenciavizsgáló eszközzel végzett mérések reprodukálhatoóságának vizsgálata

INTRODUCTION: Measurement of central critical flicker-fusion frequency is a common screening test for eye diseases and additionally it can serve as a useful diagnostic test in numerous neurological and internal diseases. The test might also be used for monitoring purposes. AIM: The aim of the authors was to evaluate a digital central critical flicker-fusion frequency measuring device (IMEA ADR III) in 30 young, healthy Hungarian subjects. METHOD: After a general ophthalmological screening examination, monocular central critical flicker-fusion frequency was measured with four colours. Measurements were carried out on two separate days in three sessions under standardized conditions. Intrasession, intersession and intervisit variabilities, differences in central critical flicker-fusion frequency using the four colours and the effect of certain other influencing factors were determined. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between sessions in the mean and standard deviation of the measurement sets. The central critical flicker-fusion frequency threshold for red colour was significantly lower than for other colours, and the threshold for blue colour was significantly lower than for green. There were no significant differences regarding sex, age, iris colour, and smoking indicating that these factors did not influence the central critical flicker-fusion frequency threshold in these subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Measurement results with the device are reliable and reproducible in healthy, young population in separate sessions. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(27), 1079-1086